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--- guides:land_nav [2017/04/21 15:08]
thendash
+++ guides:land_nav [2017/04/21 16:25]
thendash added bearing and intersection sections
@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 **Reading a grid**
-{{ :guides:gridref.png?direct&300|Click to see full size}}
+{{ :guides:gridref.png?direct&300|Click to view full size}}
 It is easy to read 2, 4, and 6 digit grid references from the ARMA map because the map scales as you zoom in and out, but you can read a
@@ Line 92: / Line 92: @@
 Contour lines never intersect because any point on a contour line is at the same elevation above or below sea level.
+===== EQUIPMENT =====
+==== COMPASS ====
+{{ :guides:compass.png?direct&300|Click to view full size}}
+The compass is a tool used to measure direction. The version modeled in ARMA is a lensatic compass with both degree and milliradian
+markings.
+**Measuring Direction**
+Typically we measure direction either generally using the cardinal directions, or more precise using degrees. Mils are not often used in
+ARMA.
+  - **Cardinal Direction:** The four cardinal directions are displayed on the center of the compass ring and allow for quick reference of general direction.
+  - **Bearing Degrees:** The inner ring of the compass shows degrees printed every ten degrees and a hash mark every five degrees. There are 360 degrees.
+  - **Bearing Mils:** The outer ring of the compass shows mils printed every 200 mils, large hash mark every 100 mils, and a small hash mark every 20 mils. There are 6400 mils.
+==== MAP TOOLS ====
+The ACE3 MapTool is currently broken.
+==== DAGR ====
 ===== NAVIGATION TECHNIQUES =====
-==== EQUIPMENT ====
+==== BEARING ====
+Technically //azimuth// is the proper term, but the term //bearing// is commonly used to refer to the direction to an object or location
+in relation to magnetic North.
+In ARMA we do not need to worry about the difference between magnetic bearings measured with a compass, and grid bearings measured on the
+map.
+**Taking a Bearing**
+To measure a bearing from your current location to a visible object:
+  - Line up the //sighting wire// on your compass with the object
+  - Read the bearing in degrees where the //index line// intersects with the //inner ring.//
+**Back Bearing**
+A back bearing is the opposite direction of a bearing. It is commonly required for use during land navigation.
+To convert a bearing into a back bearing:
+  * **Add 180 degrees** if the bearing is **180 degrees or less**
+  * **Subtract 180 degrees** if the bearing is **180 degrees or greater**
+==== LOCATION ====
+**INTERSECTION**
+{{ :guides:intersection.png?direct&300|Click to view full size}}
+Intersection is the location of an unknown point by successively occupying at least two known positions on the ground and then map
+sighting on the unknown location. It is not often used in ARMA, but can be used to locate the position of an otherwise inaccessible location.
+**Steps:**
+  - Measure the direction to the target from known location 1.
+  - Draw the bearing from known location 1.
+  - Move, or communicate with someone at a different known location.
+  - Measure the direction to the target from known location 2.
+  - Draw the bearing from the known location 2.
+  - (Optional)Repeat from subsequent known locations as desired.
+  - The **intersection** of the drawn bearings is the location of the target.